In 1793, Prestonpans Parish had a population of 1435. Potters, and their families numbered 252. Pottery production differs from other Prestonpans manufactories in requiring a skilled workforce, competent in manual manipulation because the extensive range was manufactured with little mechanisation.
There was a definite hierarchy of labour, headed by Craft Potters, who moved readily between employers. Chosen for their manual dexterity and knowledge of technology, clay, composition and behaviour, Craft Potters were employed by potteries to manage the workforce by determining wages and delegated duties. The indigenous workforce was managed by itinerant specialists. 'Potwork' was not glamorous, but messy and repetitive with pre 1920s 'potworkers' enduring a 60 hour, 6 day week. In the workshop area, men would 'throw' wares, 'turn' them before firing and carry pieces to be glazed or fired while counting ware, cleaning water pots and firing stoves.
Women worked in the 'handlers' shop, making handles or spouts where clay was weighed, worked and pressed into moulds, and, after firing, painted. Children from ten years old spent alternate days at work and school, before starting full time employment at thirteen.
Potters were well respected in the local community. The 'Potters' Friendly Society' provided an annual 'Potters' Day' parade, and the 'Prestonpans Potters Box' offering financial support to members and their families on retirement, sickness, death and unemployment. The Society offered the Prestonpans pottery community protection, identity and a collective voice.
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